24: Epigenetic Mechanisms Quizellenjmchenry2021-10-01T23:30:12-04:00 Please sign up for the course before taking this quiz. What is the “methyl” group?1 COOH CH4 CH3 CH3-R Genes can be made up of many different DNA sections that are spread out and must be spliced together.1 True False The DNA in the nucleus contains every bit of information that any cell will ever need for the entire lifetime of the organism.1 True False What does “epi-genetics” roughly mean?1 "without/no genes" "outside of the genes" "within the genes" "before genes" When a gene is being used and being transcribed, we say it is being _______________.1 modified exposed silenced expressed What does methylation do to DNA?1 Destroys "junk" DNA. Replicates it. Keeps the DNA strands closed so they cannot be transcribed. Opens DNA strands to promote DNA transcription. The “switches” on nucleosomes (histone spools) can be activated by all of these molecules EXCEPT:1 Phosphate (PO4) Methyl (CH3) Acetyl (COCH3) DNA polymerase MicroRNAs or miRNAs help to regulate gene expression by1 binding to DNA polymerase and preventing it from binding to DNA strands, therefore "silencing" the gene. binding to mRNA that shouldn't be translated by a ribosome, therefore blocking the product of the gene. "cutting" up pieces of mRNA into little fragments so that they cannot be translated. helping DNA polymerase to bind to DNA for gene transcription, therefore "upregulating" the gene. What do nucleosomes/histones help to do?1 "Spell check" replicated DNA for errors. Keep DNA organized. Replicate DNA. Translate proteins. How many histones come together to make the nucleosome?1 12 8 2 4 23: Mitosis (and DNA replication) Final Exam: lessons 1-24 Back to: 24: Epigenetic Mechanisms
