24: Epigenetic Mechanisms Quizellenj2022-11-23T14:13:22-05:00 Please sign up for the course before taking this quiz. 1. The DNA in the nucleus contains every bit of information that any cell will ever need for the entire lifetime of the organism.1 True False 2. What does “epi-genetics” roughly mean?1 "before genes" "without/no genes" "within the genes" "outside of the genes" 3. What do nucleosomes/histones help to do?1 Keep DNA organized. Replicate DNA. Translate proteins. "Spell check" replicated DNA for errors. 4. The “switches” on nucleosomes (histone spools) can be activated by all of these molecules EXCEPT:1 Acetyl (COCH3) DNA polymerase Methyl (CH3) Phosphate (PO4) 5. What is the “methyl” group?1 COOH CH3 CH4 CH3-R 6. Genes can be made up of many different DNA sections that are spread out and must be spliced together.1 True False 7. How many histones come together to make the nucleosome?1 12 2 4 8 8. When a gene is being used and being transcribed, we say it is being _______________.1 silenced modified exposed expressed 9. What does methylation do to DNA?1 Opens DNA strands to promote DNA transcription. Replicates it. Keeps the DNA strands closed so they cannot be transcribed. Destroys "junk" DNA. 10. MicroRNAs or miRNAs help to regulate gene expression by1 binding to mRNA that shouldn't be translated by a ribosome, therefore blocking the product of the gene. helping DNA polymerase to bind to DNA for gene transcription, therefore "upregulating" the gene. "cutting" up pieces of mRNA into little fragments so that they cannot be translated. binding to DNA polymerase and preventing it from binding to DNA strands, therefore "silencing" the gene. 23: Mitosis (and DNA replication) Final Exam: lessons 1-24 Back to: 24: Epigenetic Mechanisms
