24: Epigenetic Mechanisms Quizellenjmchenry2021-10-01T23:30:12-04:00 Please sign up for the course before taking this quiz. The DNA in the nucleus contains every bit of information that any cell will ever need for the entire lifetime of the organism.1 True False How many histones come together to make the nucleosome?1 8 4 2 12 The “switches” on nucleosomes (histone spools) can be activated by all of these molecules EXCEPT:1 Acetyl (COCH3) Phosphate (PO4) DNA polymerase Methyl (CH3) What do nucleosomes/histones help to do?1 "Spell check" replicated DNA for errors. Replicate DNA. Translate proteins. Keep DNA organized. When a gene is being used and being transcribed, we say it is being _______________.1 silenced expressed modified exposed What does “epi-genetics” roughly mean?1 "without/no genes" "within the genes" "before genes" "outside of the genes" Genes can be made up of many different DNA sections that are spread out and must be spliced together.1 True False MicroRNAs or miRNAs help to regulate gene expression by1 "cutting" up pieces of mRNA into little fragments so that they cannot be translated. helping DNA polymerase to bind to DNA for gene transcription, therefore "upregulating" the gene. binding to DNA polymerase and preventing it from binding to DNA strands, therefore "silencing" the gene. binding to mRNA that shouldn't be translated by a ribosome, therefore blocking the product of the gene. What is the “methyl” group?1 CH4 CH3 COOH CH3-R What does methylation do to DNA?1 Replicates it. Destroys "junk" DNA. Opens DNA strands to promote DNA transcription. Keeps the DNA strands closed so they cannot be transcribed. 23: Mitosis (and DNA replication) Final Exam: lessons 1-24 Back to: 24: Epigenetic Mechanisms
