24: Epigenetic Mechanisms Quizellenj2022-11-23T14:13:22-05:00 Please sign up for the course before taking this quiz. 1. When a gene is being used and being transcribed, we say it is being _______________.1 exposed expressed silenced modified 2. Genes can be made up of many different DNA sections that are spread out and must be spliced together.1 True False 3. What does “epi-genetics” roughly mean?1 "before genes" "outside of the genes" "within the genes" "without/no genes" 4. The “switches” on nucleosomes (histone spools) can be activated by all of these molecules EXCEPT:1 Phosphate (PO4) Acetyl (COCH3) Methyl (CH3) DNA polymerase 5. What does methylation do to DNA?1 Keeps the DNA strands closed so they cannot be transcribed. Replicates it. Opens DNA strands to promote DNA transcription. Destroys "junk" DNA. 6. The DNA in the nucleus contains every bit of information that any cell will ever need for the entire lifetime of the organism.1 True False 7. What do nucleosomes/histones help to do?1 Replicate DNA. "Spell check" replicated DNA for errors. Translate proteins. Keep DNA organized. 8. MicroRNAs or miRNAs help to regulate gene expression by1 helping DNA polymerase to bind to DNA for gene transcription, therefore "upregulating" the gene. binding to mRNA that shouldn't be translated by a ribosome, therefore blocking the product of the gene. "cutting" up pieces of mRNA into little fragments so that they cannot be translated. binding to DNA polymerase and preventing it from binding to DNA strands, therefore "silencing" the gene. 9. How many histones come together to make the nucleosome?1 12 2 4 8 10. What is the “methyl” group?1 CH3 COOH CH4 CH3-R 23: Mitosis (and DNA replication) Final Exam: lessons 1-24 Back to: 24: Epigenetic Mechanisms
