24: Epigenetic Mechanisms Quizellenj2022-11-23T14:13:22-05:00 Please sign up for the course before taking this quiz. 1. MicroRNAs or miRNAs help to regulate gene expression by1 helping DNA polymerase to bind to DNA for gene transcription, therefore "upregulating" the gene. binding to DNA polymerase and preventing it from binding to DNA strands, therefore "silencing" the gene. "cutting" up pieces of mRNA into little fragments so that they cannot be translated. binding to mRNA that shouldn't be translated by a ribosome, therefore blocking the product of the gene. 2. What is the “methyl” group?1 CH3-R CH4 CH3 COOH 3. How many histones come together to make the nucleosome?1 8 4 12 2 4. What does methylation do to DNA?1 Keeps the DNA strands closed so they cannot be transcribed. Opens DNA strands to promote DNA transcription. Replicates it. Destroys "junk" DNA. 5. What does “epi-genetics” roughly mean?1 "without/no genes" "outside of the genes" "before genes" "within the genes" 6. When a gene is being used and being transcribed, we say it is being _______________.1 silenced expressed modified exposed 7. What do nucleosomes/histones help to do?1 Keep DNA organized. Translate proteins. "Spell check" replicated DNA for errors. Replicate DNA. 8. The “switches” on nucleosomes (histone spools) can be activated by all of these molecules EXCEPT:1 Methyl (CH3) Phosphate (PO4) Acetyl (COCH3) DNA polymerase 9. Genes can be made up of many different DNA sections that are spread out and must be spliced together.1 True False 10. The DNA in the nucleus contains every bit of information that any cell will ever need for the entire lifetime of the organism.1 True False 23: Mitosis (and DNA replication) Final Exam: lessons 1-24 Back to: 24: Epigenetic Mechanisms
