24: Epigenetic Mechanisms Quizellenj2022-11-23T14:13:22-05:00 Please sign up for the course before taking this quiz. 1. How many histones come together to make the nucleosome?1 12 2 8 4 2. When a gene is being used and being transcribed, we say it is being _______________.1 exposed modified expressed silenced 3. The DNA in the nucleus contains every bit of information that any cell will ever need for the entire lifetime of the organism.1 True False 4. What does methylation do to DNA?1 Opens DNA strands to promote DNA transcription. Destroys "junk" DNA. Keeps the DNA strands closed so they cannot be transcribed. Replicates it. 5. What do nucleosomes/histones help to do?1 Translate proteins. "Spell check" replicated DNA for errors. Keep DNA organized. Replicate DNA. 6. The “switches” on nucleosomes (histone spools) can be activated by all of these molecules EXCEPT:1 DNA polymerase Methyl (CH3) Acetyl (COCH3) Phosphate (PO4) 7. What does “epi-genetics” roughly mean?1 "before genes" "within the genes" "outside of the genes" "without/no genes" 8. What is the “methyl” group?1 CH3 COOH CH3-R CH4 9. Genes can be made up of many different DNA sections that are spread out and must be spliced together.1 True False 10. MicroRNAs or miRNAs help to regulate gene expression by1 helping DNA polymerase to bind to DNA for gene transcription, therefore "upregulating" the gene. "cutting" up pieces of mRNA into little fragments so that they cannot be translated. binding to DNA polymerase and preventing it from binding to DNA strands, therefore "silencing" the gene. binding to mRNA that shouldn't be translated by a ribosome, therefore blocking the product of the gene. 23: Mitosis (and DNA replication) Final Exam: lessons 1-24 Back to: 24: Epigenetic Mechanisms
